How to Take Smart Notes

  • Writing should not start with a blank page. The work happens before you sit down to write.
  • An optimal structure generates ideas organically with minimal willpower. A state of flow.
  • Success is not the result of strong willpower — it is the result of smart working environments that avoid resistance in the first place.
  • Bottom-up thinking is the best way to deal with complexity. Build up from foundational basics.
  • Willpower is finite. Build systems that create feedback loops automatically.
  • Multitasking is a lie.
  • Flexible focus — not relentless focus — distinguishes Nobel Prize winners. Alternate between deep focus on specific concepts and playful exploration of ideas.
  • Permanent notes should be written so they can still be understood even when you've forgotten the context they came from.
  • "If you can't say it clearly, you don't understand it yourself." — John Searle
  • Zeigarnik Effect: open tasks occupy short-term memory until they are done. Simply writing a note frees up cognitive space.
  • Things we understand are connected — through rules, theories, narratives, logic, mental models. The slip-box is about deliberately building these connections.
  • Ask: How does this fit into my idea of X? How can this be explained by that theory? Are these ideas contradictory or complementary? What does X mean for Y?
  • Confirmation bias is a subtle but major force. Actively ask what is not in the picture but could be relevant.
  • "Creativity is just connecting things." — Steve Jobs
  • Genuine new ideas often come from a "slow hunch."

Luhmann's Slip-Box Method

  1. Write bibliographic info on one side of a card and brief content notes on the other.
  2. Turn to the main slip-box shortly after. Think about the relevance of what you read to your own thinking — one idea per card, written with care.
  3. Don't copy ideas or quotes. Translate them — reframe in your own context and thinking.
  4. Link and index cards so they can talk to each other over time.